Abantu benshi batunze cyangwa se bifuza gutunga ubutaka ariko bakaba badasobanukiwe uburyo abantu batungamo ubutaka hagendewe ku bwoko bw’impapurompamo z’ubutaka bafite aribyo abenshi bakunze kwita ibyangobwa by’ubutaka.

urupapurompamo rw’ubutaka rero akaba ari inyandiko igaragaza uburenganzira umuntu afite ku butaka, bushingiye ku mategeko yanditse kandi itangwa n’ubuyobozi bubifitiye ububasha. Urwo rupapuro rukoreshwa ku masezerano y’ubukode burambye kimwe no ku nkondabutaka cyangwa se ubundi buryo bwemewe bugaragaza uburenganzira ku butaka;

Impapuro mpamo z’ubutaka zirimo amoko y’ingenzi atatu:

Ubwa mbere ni ubukode burambye (emphyteutic lease), inkondabutaka (freehold), hamwe n’isangiramutungo ku nyubako (condominium).
Kuri iyi nshuro tugiye kurebera hamwe uburyo bwa kabiri aribwo bwo twita inkondabutaka cyangwa se Freehold mu cyongereza.

INKONDABUTAKA NI IKI?

Nk’uko bigaragara mu itegeko No 43/2013 ryo kuwa 16/06/2013 rigenga ubutaka mu Rwanda ryasohotse mu Igazeti ya Leta muri nimero yihariye yo kuwa 16/06/2013, Umutwe wa mbere, ingingo ya 2 igika cya 11 mu ngingo rusange, inkondabutaka ari uburyo bwo gutunga ubutaka buha nyirabwo uburenganzira bwa burundu kuri bwo.

Ingingo ya 6 yaryo ivuga ku burenganzira ku nkondabutaka, isobanura ko Umunyarwanda wese afite uburenganzira bwo guhabwa inkondabutaka ku butaka bugenewe gutura, inganda, ubucuruzi, imibereho myiza, umuco cyangwa se ibikorwa by’ubumenyi.

Uburenganzira ku nkondabutaka butangwa gusa ku butaka buriho inyubako n’ubuzikikije bwonyine bukenewe kugira ngo ibyo bwagenewe bishobore kuzikorerwamo. 

Abantu bafatanyije umutungo w’ubutaka, isosiyete y’ubucuruzi, umuryango cyangwa ishyirahamwe bifite ubuzima gatozi, inkondabutaka ishobora gutangwa gusa iyo Abanyarwanda babifitemo nibura imigabane ingana na mirongo itanu na rimwe ku ijana (51%) by’imigabane yose hamwe, keretse ku butaka bwagenewe ahantu hihariye mu by’ubukungu.

Gusa ariko nk’uko bigaragara mu Umutwe wa III w’iri tegeko, ingingo ya 24 aho bavuga ku nkondabutaka ishingiye ku ngingo magirirane cyangwa amasezerano mpuzamahanga: “Umunyamahanga ashobora guhabwa inkondabutaka mu gihe biteganijwe n’amasezerano mpuzamahanga u Rwanda rwashyizeho umukono cyangwa  biturutse ku ngingo magirirane u Rwanda rwumvikanyeho n’igihugu cy’uwo munyamahanga”. Mu bice byagenwe nk’ahantu hihariye mu by’ubukungu, umunyamahanga ahabwa uburenganzira nk’ubw’umwenegihugu, kandi ashobora guhabwa inkondabutaka

Ingingo ya 7 y’iryo tegeko ivuga ko ubuso busabirwa inkondabutaka butagomba kurenza hegitari eshanu (ha 5); Icyakora, Minisitiri ufite ubutaka mu nshingano ze, ashingiye ku mpamvu zumvikana kandi bisabwe n’usaba kugira inkondabutaka, ashobora gutanga inkondabutaka ku butaka burengeje hegitari eshanu (ha 5).

Ingingo ya 8 ivuga ku nkondabutaka ku butaka bwa Leta n’ubw’inzego z’ibanze igira iti “Haseguriwe ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 6 n’iya 7 z’iri tegeko, ubutaka bwose bwa Leta, bwaba uburi mu mutungo rusange cyangwa  umutungo bwite, buhabwa inkondabutaka hatitawe ko bwubatseho cyangwa butubatseho. Ibi kandi bikorwa ku butaka bufitwe n’ibigo bya Leta kimwe n’inzego z’ibanze”.

Ku bijyanye n’imisoro, umutwe wa IV w’itegeko twavuze haruguru mu ngingo yaryo ya 43 ivuga ku itangwa ry’Umusoro w’ubutaka n’amahoro ku bukode bw’ubutaka isobanuro ko “Nyir’ubutaka ufite inkondabutaka atanga umusoro ku mutungo utimukanwa uteganywa n’itegeko. Nyir’ubutaka ufite amasezerano y’ubukode burambye atanga amahoro y’ubukode ku butaka ateganywa n’Iteka rya Perezida”.

Ku bijyanye n’abantu bari basanganywe inkondabutaka mbere y’iri tegeko, Umutwe wa VII, Ingingo ya 71 yaryo ivuga ku burenganzira bw’abari basanganywe inkondabutaka igira iti “Umuntu wese wari usanganywe uburenganzira bw’inkondabutaka mbere y’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’iri tegeko agumana uburenganzira bwe”. Gusa bakaba bagomba gushaka inkondabutaka nshya kuko izishaje zahinduwe

N’ubwo Ubutaka buri mu murage rusange w’imbaga y’Abanyarwanda bose: abakurambere, abariho ubu ndetse n’abazavuka mu gihe kiri imbere, hakaba hari n’uburenganzira abantu bemerewe, Leta ni yo yonyine ifite ububasha bw’ikirenga mu gucunga ubutaka bwose buherereye mu mbibi z’umupaka w’Igihugu, ubwo burenganzira ibukoresha ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange igamije iterambere nyaryo mu by’ubukungu n’imibereho myiza hakurikijwe uburyo buteganywa n’amategeko.

Kubera izo mpamvu, Leta ni yo yonyine itanga uburenganzira bwo kubutunga no kubukodesha. Ifite kandi ububasha bwo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange.